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It is s expected that water demand rise by 2050 almost for one third as rising numbers of people on Earth, it has been said in the UN World Water Management Report for 2018. In order to ensure sufficient drinking water, crop cultivation, production of electricity and other purposes, governments and businesses should work in harmony with nature because it’s nature that controls the water cycle, has been said at the report released on the eve of the World Water Day on March 22. Incorporating more green space into cities, preserving swamps and agriculture that leaves soil healthy are examples of „solutions in co-operation with nature.” Such solutions can also help protect people from floods, droughts and other water-related perils. Demand for water is growing as the global population is expanding and the planet is warming, and the quality and reliability of the supply is declining, according to UN report.
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UNESCO director Audrey Azoulay, who co-ordinated the report, said, “If we do not do anything about it, five billion people will live in areas with difficult access to water until the 2050s.” “Water demand is expected to grow by almost a third by 2050,” said Gilbert Houngbo, head of the UN Water Agency. Global use of water has increased over the last hundred years and has been growing steadily one per cent a year due to population growth, economic development and changes in consumption patterns. Water used in households count for about 10 percent of global water use and is expected to grow significantly by 2050, especially in Africa and Asia where household demand could be more than tripled. The global demand for agricultural products and electricity, which uses a lot of water, could rise by 60 percent and 80 percent by 2025. About 70 percent of water used worldwide is spent on agriculture. Irrigation is considered to be the main groundwater deaerator.
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Worldwide, 3.6 billion people, or almost half of the global population, live in areas where there is a risk of shortage of water for at least a month, and nearly three-quarters of them live in Asia. This figure could grow to 4.8 billion to 5.7 billion people by 2050. With about 4600 km of per year, global water use is almost close to the maximum sustainable levels. Since the 1990s, deterioration of water pollution has been reported in almost all rivers in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Approximately 80 percent of industrial and municipal wastewater is released into the environment, resulting in the deterioration of overall water quality with adverse effects on health and ecosystems. Approximately 30 percent of the global population lives in areas that regularly hit floods or droughts. It is predicted that the number of people threatened by floods will rise from 1.2 billion today to about 1.6 billion in 2050.